AAB Medical Technologist (MT) – Chemistry Practice Exam

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• What is the primary role of glucose in the body?
• Sweat is an acceptable specimen for the measurement of which electrolyte?
• In complexometric titration (EDTA) for calcium, what must the pH be adjusted to prevent?
• Why is prompt processing of blood samples important regarding hemolysis?
• How is serum creatinine level influenced by muscle mass?
• Which of the following conditions can lead to elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen?
• Which statement is true regarding cryoglobulins?
• Which specimen is acceptable for the determination of total calcium?
• A patient has the following laboratory results: Glucose 750 mg/dl, Potassium 6.0 mmoles/L, Carbon dioxide 7.0 mmoles/L. What would an arterial blood gas from this patient most likely show?
• What can high lactate levels indicate in a clinical setting?
• Which expression best defines pH?
• What is the advantage of using bromcresol purple as an indicator in albumin dye binding techniques?
• What does the hexokinase methodology for glucose determination rely on?
• Which analyte serves as an early indicator of tissue hypoxia?
• A high alkaline phosphatase level in the presence of other negative liver function tests is indicative of which disorder?
• What is the function of electrolytes in the body?
• Which test method is primarily used to assess renal function?
• What is typical for a patient with metabolic alkalosis in terms of arterial blood gas results?
• An elevated creatinine value is most likely to be accompanied by which other value?
• Which test is used to differentiate between inappropriate exogenous insulin administration and endogenous insulin production?
• Which analyte must be measured to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)?
• Which compound can indicate risk for glucose intolerance in long-term management of diabetes?
• It is appropriate to accept the control and report patient results when which Westgard rule is violated?
• What serum enzyme begins to rise 2 to 4 hours, peaks at 12 to 36 hours, and returns to normal 2 to 4 days after an acute myocardial infarction?
• Which hormone is primarily responsible for the initiation and maintenance of lactation?
• How can smoking impact laboratory test results?
• Plasma is the preferred specimen for which of the following analytes?
• Given specific lab results, what is the calculated anion gap if sodium is 145 mmol/L, potassium 4.0 mmol/L, chloride 100 mmol/L, and bicarbonate 22 mmol/L?
• A labor and delivery patient with preeclampsia is most likely to show which laboratory finding?
• What is the normal range for fasting blood glucose levels?
• What is the major extracellular cation in the human body?
• Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?
• What is the significance of measuring 17-ketosteroids?
• Which of the following cardiac markers is most sensitive for detecting an acute myocardial infarction?
• Which classical method is used for the detection of creatinine in the laboratory?
• What is the normal concentration range for serum calcium levels?
• A 15-year old male with positive laboratory results for both infectious mononucleosis and syphilis is best explained by which of the following?
• What is commonly assessed to diagnose diabetes mellitus through urine tests?
• What is the confirmatory method for measuring drugs of abuse using the mass-to-charge ratio?
• What causes the "port wine" color of some urines?
• What is the primary component of urine tested in a routine urinalysis?
• A positive urine pregnancy test indicates the presence of which hormone?
• Contamination of the glucose reagent with catalase causes problems with which glucose method?
• What is the most probable explanation for elevated sodium levels in a metabolic panel of an ICU patient?
• What does the term "anemia" generally refer to?
• What is the normal range for serum sodium levels?
• How is metabolic acidosis defined?
• What condition is indicated by decreased pH and decreased bicarbonate levels?
• What is the main difference between HDL and LDL cholesterol?
• What does an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level most often indicate?
• Which hormone is known to exhibit diurnal variation?
• Most triglyceride procedures involve the measurement of what end product?
• Which parameter is NOT typically included in a routine coagulation test?
• What does a high level of homocysteine in the blood suggest?
• Which laboratory finding would most likely indicate dehydrated state?
• Which of the following tests can indicate kidney damage?
• Which condition is commonly monitored through regular lipid panel testing?
• What does a low albumin level in serum typically indicate?
• Vaginal contamination in urine specimens may cause the appearance of which of the following?
• What does a C-reactive protein (CRP) test measure?
• What protein transports the majority of copper in the bloodstream?
• Which compound forms a red-colored complex with Ehrlich's reagent?
• Which analytical method measures the amount of light scattered by the particles in solution?
• What is the most common method for measuring sodium levels in the laboratory?
• What is the most common complication associated with untreated diabetes mellitus?
• What is the protein carrier for prehepatic bilirubin?
• Which demographic factors can influence the incidence of hemolysis in blood samples?
• Lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of what substrate?
• Glycoproteins and mucoproteins are usually bound to which substance?
• The Michaelis-Menton constant in the rate of conversion of substrate to product is influenced by which factor?
• Which of the following can lead to hyperkalemia?
• What is the common result when analyzing urine for the presence of ketones?
• What could indicate improper sample handling after blood collection?
• Which condition is associated with an increased CSF total protein and a decreased CSF glucose level?
• How does dehydration typically affect electrolyte levels?
• Which enzyme is commonly monitored in individuals recovering from alcoholism?
• What condition is characterized by excessive production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
• What term describes the process of glycogen degradation?
• What is the consequence of dehydration on laboratory results?
• In which type of instrumentation is quenching considered a disadvantage?
• Which laboratory test is most likely to be affected by hemolysis?
• Which analytical technique is commonly employed to separate blood components based on density?
• The enzymatic hydrolysis of triglyceride may be accomplished by what enzyme?
• In which situation would a hemolysis check be particularly necessary?
• Which type of cuvette is necessary for measurements in the ultraviolet range of a spectrophotometer?
• What type of specimen is primarily used for drug screening tests?
• What are the two main types of serum electrolytes?
• What impact might hemolysis have on certain laboratory tests?
• What is the purpose of the BUN test?
• Which laboratory test is used to measure the efficacy of anticoagulant therapy?
• What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
• Which specimen is needed to accurately measure blood gases?
• Which of the following enzymes is most greatly affected by hemolysis?
• What can a low hemoglobin level in the blood indicate?
• Which hormone is classified as a glucocorticoid?
• What does the term "renal clearance" refer to?
• What disease state is associated with an elevation of serum uric acid?
• Which enzyme is the most sensitive indicator of obstructive jaundice?
• At a pH of 7.4, most of the phosphorus in the body exists in which form?
• In thin layer chromatography, what is the term for the distance the solute migrates divided by the distance the solvent migrates?
• Which reagent is used in the alkaline oxidation of uric acid?
• Which cardiac marker is typically elevated in cases of heart failure?
• Which disease is associated with hypoglycemia?
• Which condition may result from an insufficient amount of hemoglobin?
• What does the term "hyperlipidemia" refer to?
• Which type of water balance disturbance results from excessive loss of bicarbonate?
• Acridinium esters are commonly used in which type of immunoassay?
• What method is most commonly used to measure total protein?
• What can result from hyperkalemia?
• White blood cell casts are primarily associated with which of the following conditions?
• Ion-selective electrodes are an example of which electrochemical method?
• Which of the following methods is considered the reference method for measuring glucose due to its increased accuracy and sensitivity?
• Which analyte level is often monitored to evaluate the severity of liver disease?
• What can an increased level of creatinine indicate?
• Which ion is recognized as the major intracellular ion?
• Which factors can affect blood glucose levels?
• What results are consistent with compensated metabolic alkalosis?
• Which electrolyte is primarily lost in sweat?
• Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction: lactase + NAD → pyruvate + NADH?
• What is the primary substrate for lipase in enzymatic actions?
• In a lipid panel, which substances are primarily measured?
• What can be a sign of kidney dysfunction when measured in the blood?
• What is the consequence of low bicarbonate levels in a metabolic panel?
• What condition is suggested by an increase in indirect-reacting bilirubin?
• What does the presence of ketones in urine indicate?
• How can hemolysis be prevented during blood sample collection?
• What does the term "analyte" refer to in laboratory tests?
• What is the primary goal of quality control in a laboratory?
• What does the T3 uptake measure in the body?
• What is the light source used in atomic absorption spectrophotometry?
• What is the principle of spectrophotometry?
• What is the primary role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?
• What is the significance of the hemoglobin A1c test?
• Which ion-selective electrode's selectivity is enhanced by valinomycin?
• Which test is primarily used for the diagnosis of liver dysfunction?
• What is the specimen of choice for glucose determination?
• Which cast, often found in urine, may appear in normal, healthy individuals?
• What type of samples are typically used for liver enzyme tests?
• What does a urine culture test primarily detect?
• Which of the following hormones is synthesized from cholesterol?
• What analyte is detected using the Zimmerman reaction?
• Catecholamines are primarily secreted by which part of the body?
• An elevated concentration of what analyte decreases the risk of coronary heart disease?
• Which analytical method measures the amount of light scattered by particles in solution at a 90° angle?
• What does a "hemolyzed blood sample" indicate?
• Which statement is true concerning a protein at its isoelectric point?
• What is the main purpose of a TSH test?
• Which condition is indicated by high levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase?
• Which colligative property is most commonly used in osmometry?
• What is the most abundant iron-containing compound in the body?
• What laboratory test is used to confirm the diagnosis of hemochromatosis?
• Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing serum calcium levels?
• What is the most common method for measuring potassium levels in the lab?
• Overproduction of what hormone results in acromegaly?
• An elevated alkaline phosphatase level in the absence of other elevated liver enzymes is suggestive of which disorder?
• The classic Clark-Collip method for calcium is based on which assumption?
• All of the following hormones regulate calcium levels EXCEPT which one?
• In the classic Schales-Schales method for chloride, what substance reacts with the indicator to produce a violet color?
• In a zero-order reaction, what prevents an increase in velocity?
• Which two main types of diabetes are tested through blood assays?
• What role does temperature play in hemolysis during sample collection?
• Which anticoagulant is acceptable for the measurement of BUN?
• What does a high level of alkaline phosphatase typically indicate?
• What is the main component of total protein measured in serum?
• What is the primary purpose of electrolyte panels in medical diagnostics?
• Which of the following formulas is used to calculate LDL cholesterol?
• A 40-year-old male has a random glucose of 270 mg/dL. This laboratory finding is consistent with which of the following conditions?
• Which of the following factors can lead to hemolysis in a blood sample?
• What role does bicarbonate play in the body?
• What does "sensitivity" refer to in diagnostic testing?
• Which of the following is NOT typically associated with kidney function tests?
• What condition will interfere with the Evelyn Malloy method for bilirubin measurement?
• Which assay is commonly used to measure kidney function?
• Which of these substances is used to enhance the selectivity for potassium in ion-selective electrodes?
• Which symptom is not typically associated with hypoglycemia?
• What enzyme is liver specific?
• How is glucose typically measured in laboratory settings?
• The Porter-Silber reaction utilizes which reagent to detect corticosteroids?
• Which of the following proteins is a negative acute phase reactant?
• What term refers to the lowest detectable amount of an analyte?
• What is the medical significance of measuring hemoglobin A1C levels?
• What can prolonged fasting lead to in terms of urine composition?
• What element is reduced at the cathode of a Clark electrode?
• Which of the following is likely to show the highest elevation in cases of kidney failure?
• Which of the following tests is commonly used to monitor diabetes management?
• Which condition is characterized by excess sugar in the blood?
• What is the hormone that controls the reabsorption of sodium in the kidney?
• Which indicator is considered the best single marker of renal disease?
• How is respiratory acidosis defined?
• What does an elevated blood urea nitrogen level typically indicate?
• What can a hemolyzed blood sample potentially affect?
• What can elevated troponin levels suggest?
• Which of the following best describes the physical appearance of a hemolyzed sample?
• The mean for the normal glucose control is 76 mg/dL and one standard deviation is 2.3. What is the coefficient of variation?
• In the coulometric-amperometric method for chloride measurement, how is the amount of chloride assessed?
• Among the following, which is the most frequently utilized automated method for glucose determination?
• Which condition may be evaluated by measuring blood pH?
• Which of the following is the major extracellular cation?
• Elevated levels of which enzyme are often associated with liver damage?
• Gamma-glutamyl transferase is primarily associated with which organ?
• Which laboratory test monitors kidney function effectively alongside creatinine levels?
• What does an increased concentration of bilirubin in the blood indicate?
• When analyzing serum ammonia levels, what condition might elevated levels indicate?
• Which of the following statements about hemolysis is true?
• Which analyte is used as a prognostic indicator for liver failure?
• Which medical condition is associated with low blood sugar levels?
• How is an isotonic solution defined in terms of osmolarity?
• What is the function of ferritin in the body?
• A positive test for rheumatoid factor may indicate what condition?
• Which type of sample is preferred for blood gas analysis?
• Which of the following aminoacidopathies is NOT caused by an enzyme deficiency?
• What parameters are measured in a basic metabolic panel (BMP)?
• Which electrolyte is primarily responsible for muscle contraction and nerve function?
• Which hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans decreases glucose levels?
• Why can untreated urine be used for urea determination via the diacetyl monoxime method?
• What might increased levels of creatine kinase (CK) indicate?
• What is the most common method for determining serum albumin levels?
• Why should hemolyzed serum be avoided for total protein analysis?
• Which condition, along with acute myocardial infarction, often shows elevated levels of creatinine kinase?
• What is the role of potassium in the human body?
• What is the purpose of coagulation tests in clinical labs?
• What is a clinical significance of an elevated acid phosphatase (ACP) level?
• What analyte is used to measure the long-term control of diabetes glucose levels?
• What component of blood is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
• Which lab test is best for measuring renal function?
• Which tests are included in a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)?
• Which of the following is the preferred reagent for measuring albumin by the dye binding method due to less interference?
• What is the primary purpose of the thyroid panel?
• Which vitamin deficiency can lead to an increase in prothrombin time?
• Which hormone increases sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?
• Which aminoacidopathy is characterized by a failure to metabolize phenylalanine?
• Lipemia is associated with an increased amount of which of the following?
• Valinomycin is classified as which type of substance?
• The mean for the normal glucose control is 76 mg/dL and one standard deviation is 3.0. What are the 95% confidence limits for the glucose control?
• Which substrate is hydrolyzed by the enzyme lipase?
• Which hormone acts on the distal convoluted tubules to increase water reabsorption?
• When a blood sample is hemolyzed, which component is primarily affected?